Shall
[ʃæl;ʃ(ə)l] or [ʃəl]
解釋/意思:
(v. i. & auxiliary.) To owe; to be under obligation for.
(v. i. & auxiliary.) To be obliged; must.
(v. i. & auxiliary.) As an auxiliary, shall indicates a duty or necessity whose obligation is derived from the person speaking; as, you shall go; he shall go; that is, I order or promise your going. It thus ordinarily expresses, in the second and third persons, a command, a threat, or a promise. If the auxillary be emphasized, the command is made more imperative, the promise or that more positive and sure. It is also employed in the language of prophecy; as, "the day shall come when . . . , " since a promise or threat and an authoritative prophecy nearly coincide in significance. In shall with the first person, the necessity of the action is sometimes implied as residing elsewhere than in the speaker; as, I shall suffer; we shall see; and there is always a less distinct and positive assertion of his volition than is indicated by will. "I shall go" implies nearly a simple futurity; more exactly, a foretelling or an expectation of my going, in which, naturally enough, a certain degree of plan or intention may be included; emphasize the shall, and the event is described as certain to occur, and the expression approximates in meaning to our emphatic "I will go." In a question, the relation of speaker and source of obligation is of course transferred to the person addressed; as, "Shall you go?" (answer, "I shall go"); "Shall he go?" i. e., "Do you require or promise his going?" (answer, "He shall go".) The same relation is transferred to either second or third person in such phrases as "You say, or think, you shall go;" "He says, or thinks, he shall go." After a conditional conjunction (as if, whether) shall is used in all persons to express futurity simply; as, if I, you, or he shall say they are right. Should is everywhere used in the same connection and the same senses as shall, as its imperfect. It also expresses duty or moral obligation; as, he should do it whether he will or not. In the early English, and hence in our English Bible, shall is the auxiliary mainly used, in all the persons, to express simple futurity. (Cf. Will, v. t.) Shall may be used elliptically; thus, with an adverb or other word expressive of motion go may be omitted.
編輯:汤姆
解釋/意思:
v.t. (obs.) to be under obligation: now only auxiliary used in the future tense of the verb whether a predictive or a promissive future (in the first person implying mere futurity; in the second and third implying authority or control on the part of the speaker and expressing promise command or determination or a certainty about the future. In the promissive future 'will' is used for the first person and 'shall' for the second and third).
校對:沃尔多
例句/造句/用法:
- How we shall conciliate this little creature, said Mrs. Bretton to me, I don't know: she tastes nothing, and by her looks, she has not slept. 夏洛蒂·勃朗特. 維萊特.
- But afterwards I shall be nothing to him. 夏洛蒂·勃朗特. 雪麗.
- Who, then, shall conduct education so that humanity may improve? 約翰·杜威. 民主與教育.
- I shall see you again, Dick. 查理斯·狄更斯. 霧都孤兒.
- I shall no longer see the sun or stars, or feel the winds play on my cheeks. 瑪麗·雪萊. 弗蘭肯斯坦.
- I will answer for it that we shall find no inconvenience from narrow roads on Wednesday. 簡·奧斯丁. 曼斯費爾德莊園.
- I shall be ruined, Wegg! 查理斯·狄更斯. 我們共同的朋友.
- To what problems, what issues, shall we give our attention? 沃爾特·李普曼. 政治序論.
- The mill shall find salaries for a master and mistress, and the squire or the clothier shall give a treat once a quarter. 夏洛蒂·勃朗特. 雪麗.
- Tell my servant to bring me up some hot water at half-past eight in the morning, and that I shall not want him any more to-night. 查理斯·狄更斯. 匹克威克外傳.
- Shall I play some of those little melodies of Mozart's which you used to like so much? 威爾基·柯林斯. 白衣女人.
- You and I shall quarrel, Naumann, if you call that lady my aunt again. 喬治·艾略特. 米德爾馬契.
- Come on, my boy, and we shall see whether it will not fit the lock. 亞瑟·柯南·道爾. 福爾摩斯歷險記.
- And the lips that shall refuse to pledge me to his well-earned fame, I term false and dishonoured, and will so maintain them with my life. 沃爾特·司各特. 艾凡赫.
- I shall be there, but only as one of the crowd. 查理斯·狄更斯. 雙城記.
- No, say my lords the mob, you sha'n't have that. 本傑明·佛蘭克林. 佛蘭克林自傳.
- Miss Murdstone is the point now, Peggotty, and you sha'n't escape from it. 查理斯·狄更斯. 大衛·科波菲爾.
- I sha'n't be here long, he rejoined, his lips stiffening with the effort to say just so much and no more. 伊蒂絲·華頓. 純真年代.
- Now, Copperfield, you are so exactly what you used to be, with that agreeable face, and it's so pleasant to see you, that I sha'n't conceal anything. 查理斯·狄更斯. 大衛·科波菲爾.
- I sha'n't be very long about this. 威爾基·柯林斯. 月亮寶石.
- I sha'n't improve my plain face by fretting--shall I? 威爾基·柯林斯. 月亮寶石.
- It isn't that there ain't some Cats that would be well enough pleased if she did, but they sha'n't be pleased. 查理斯·狄更斯. 大衛·科波菲爾.
- She's got grand relations, and they're carrying her off; and we sha'n't see her no more. 伊莉莎白·蓋斯凱爾. 南方與北方.
- He sha'n't have her. 威廉·梅克比斯·薩克雷. 名利場.
校對:马蒂